The 24 behaviours are divided into facial markers, body markers and gait markers. 

There are 7 facial markers that indicate pain: 

• The ears being back, behind the vertical position, for 5 seconds or more
• The eyes being closed or half closed, for 2 seconds or more
• The white of the eye, the sclera, being exposed repeatedly
• The horse exhibiting an intense stare or looking zoned out for 5 seconds or more
• The mouth being open, with separation of the teeth, for 10 seconds or more
• The tongue hanging out, or popping in and out
• The bit being pulled through to one side